When you retire, you don’t have to move your 401(k) right away, and for many retirees, leaving it where it is could be a smart move. Employers are increasingly adding features that make staying in the plan more appealing. Why? Partly because when employees with large balances leave their money in the plan, it helps lower overall fees for both the company and participants. But before you make a decision, it’s worth understanding your options.
Most Retirees Can Leave Their 401(k) Where It Is
More than half of American workers don’t realize that most plans allow them to leave their 401(k) in place after they stop working.
The key word in that sentence is most. If your balance is under $1,000, your plan may automatically close the account and issue a check. If you don’t deposit that into another qualified retirement account, such as an IRA, it counts as a distribution and may be taxed. You could also incur a 10% early withdrawal penalty.
Additionally, if your balance is under $7,000, your employer may roll it into an IRA for you. Otherwise, your funds can stay put, and you can access it when needed, depending on your plan’s rules.
What’s Changing in 401(k) Plans?
In the past, many plans required retirees to withdraw the full balance or roll it over to an IRA. Now, according to a 2025 Vanguard study, 68% of plans allow retirees to set up installment payments from their accounts (up from 59%), and 43% allow partial, as-needed withdrawals (up from 16%).
These features give retirees more flexibility, but they’re not offered through all plans, so it’s important to check with your plan provider before making a decision to withdraw funds.
Should You Roll Over to an IRA?
Rolling your 401(k) to an IRA may get you a wider range of investment choices, and in some cases, lower fees. But with that flexibility comes responsibility. You’ll need to manage your own money or hire someone to do it for you.
Before moving your money, consider investment options in both accounts, fees (both visible and hidden), your comfort level with managing investments, and whether you anticipate needing regular withdrawals.
Annuities in 401(k)s
Some 401(k) plans now offer annuity options, either directly or through annuity-enhanced target-date funds. These are funds where you choose a target year, usually the year you plan to retire, and at first invest in higher-risk assets, such as stocks. As you get closer to your target year, the fund automatically shifts your money to safer investments, such as bonds.
Annuities offer a steady stream of income for life and peace of mind in retirement planning. On the other hand, they offer less flexibility, often include complex terms, and sometimes have added fees.
There’s No Rush
For many retirees, keeping your 401(k) where it is can be a solid choice, but you don’t need to make a move the day you retire. Take your time. Look at what your current plan offers. Compare it with your IRA options. Consult a financial advisor who can help you come up with a strategy that fits your goals, income needs, and comfort level.
