by Jean Miller | Accounting News, Budget, News
With record high inflation and rising interest rates, an economic recession has been the subject of many conversations lately. Now with two consecutive quarters of a drop in GDP (gross domestic product)—the benchmark many economists use to gauge a recession—the possibility of a serious economic downturn isn’t just fodder for conversation anymore. It’s time to get serious about protecting your finances for a recession. Here’s how you can make sure you’re prepared.
Build Up Your Emergency Fund
It’s widely recommended to have enough savings to cover three to six months of living expenses. The specific amount will depend on your circumstances. For instance, in today’s uncertain economy, you might feel it worthwhile to aim for more than six months. It might seem daunting, but don’t undervalue the effectiveness of small contributions on a regular basis. You can also think about automating your savings contributions for a set-it-and-forget-it approach. Whichever way you go about it, consistent contributions to an emergency fund help to build positive saving habits that will carry into the future.
Pay Down Credit Card Debt
Focus on paying down any high-interest debt. Not only will this help you be more prepared should you get laid off during a recession, but credit card APRs are rising in response to the Federal Reserve’s rate hikes. Knocking out debt could free up critical breathing room in your budget that you could use to boost your emergency fund.
Identify Ways to Reduce Expenses
Start looking at all the ways you spend money, and identify ways you can scale back on discretionary spending (services or items that aren’t necessities—vacations, dining out, cable, spa treatments, etc.). Typically, the guidance is to spend no more than 30 percent of your net income on discretionary purchases. Think about creating a monthly budget in order to stick to this guideline and ensure you’re not overspending.
Stay Invested
It’s tempting when the market is as volatile as it’s been recently to think about cutting back on 401(k) contributions or selling stock investments. Keep in mind, however, that you’re investing for the long term. Stocks rise and fall all the time, and history has proven that bull markets (rising market conditions) last longer than bear markets (falling market conditions).
Rebalance Your Portfolio
While you want to stay invested for the duration of a recession, you might consider rebalancing your investments. Depending on your age, risk tolerance, and investment goals, it may make sense to shift more investments into growth funds, which could potentially experience greater gains when the market rebounds. Be sure to keep in mind that money needed in the short term should not be allocated to these funds as they are high risk.
by Daniel Kittell | Accounting News, Financial goals, News
The Federal Reserve recently raised its target federal funds rate by half-a-percentage point, which is the largest interest hike in more than 20 years. This follows an initial quarter-point increase in March. Read on to find out how rising interest rates could impact credit cards, mortgages, auto loans, and savings accounts.
A Delicate Dance to Avoid Recession
Analysts expect more hikes in 2022, taking the federal funds rate to above 2.5% or even 3% by year’s end. The challenge here is raising rates to curb inflation without raising them high enough to trigger a recession. While it will take some time to determine whether rate increases will curb inflation, the effect on your finances could be immediate. Anything from savings account interest to borrowing power to mortgage loans and refinances could be impacted.
Credit Card Interest
Individual banks and financial institutions use the federal funds rate as a starting point to set their own prime rate, or the interest rate passed onto the most creditworthy consumers. Most credit card issuers add several percentage points to the prime rate, so the average credit cardholder can expect their interest rates to be above the prime rate. According to the Federal Reserve, the average interest rate last year was 16.44 percent for cardholders who did not pay off their balance each month. With the latest half percentage point rate hike, an interest rate of 16.44 will increase to 16.94.
If you are carrying credit card debt, think about transferring a high-interest balance to a credit card with a 0% introductory rate. Many cards offer 0% APR for the first 12-21 months. This move will shield you from the rate hikes that are coming down the pipeline while also providing an interest-free path to get that debt paid off for good.
Savings Accounts
While higher interest rates typically raise costs for borrowers, it can mean higher yields for savers. Whether or not rate increases will translate to greater revenue depends on the type of account and can vary from institution to institution. While larger banks already have plenty of deposits, and therefore have little incentive to pay depositors more, smaller banks and credit unions may start raising rates on savings accounts in order to gain new customers. This puts pressure on other institutions to increase their rates, which can cause a domino effect of increasing rates across institutions.
Mortgage Loans
The Federal Reserve does not set mortgage rates, and unlike with savings accounts, the central bank’s decisions don’t impact mortgage rates as directly. However, the mortgage industry as a whole is keenly aware of the Fed, and the industry’s ability to interpret the Fed’s actions means that mortgage rates usually move in the same direction as the federal funds rate. Keep in mind, however, that mortgage rates also react to the ebb and flow of the U.S. and global economies, moving up and down daily. A point worth noting: other types of home loans, like adjustable-rate mortgages and home equity lines of credit, are more in step with the Fed’s move, so these loans will ordinarily move higher the next time an individual loan resets its rate.
Stocks and Bonds
If you are a long-term investor, your portfolio should be built with a balance of both stabilizing (bonds) and riskier (stocks) investments, which means that it should be able to withstand tumultuous periods like this. It’s best not to panic and instead focus on your long-term financial goals regardless of what happens in the short-term.
Car Loans
While car loan rates will increase as the Fed raises interest rates, car buyers need not be concerned because it has a very limited impact on monthly payments. For example, an increase of a quarter percentage point on a $25,000 loan is a $3 increase on monthly payments.
Student Loans
Borrowers who have federal or private student loans with a fixed interest rate won’t be affected by the Fed’s interest rate hikes, but borrowers with variable-rate student loans will see higher monthly payments and total interest charges over the life of the loan.
